Influenza: Modes of Spread and Risks in Relation to the Elderly
QUESTION
- Discuss Influenza,modes of spread and risks in relation to the elderly;
- Discuss infection control precautions needed in a nursing home setting and why these are necessary;
- Discuss otherrisk assessments and nursing cares needed, including safety and cultural aspects for this patient;
- Discuss other health team involvement that may be needed and provide a rationale for this;
- Support all sections with current scholarly literature (at least 10, published in the last 10 years)
SAMPLE SOLUTION
Influenza, commonly known as flu, is an infection caused by RNA viruses which affects both animal and human respiratory tracts. The virus causes fever, headache, coughs and feeling of weakness, while others develop nausea, diarrhea, sore throats and vomiting. These symptoms often persist for two or more weeks before recovery (Charu, 2017). In comparison to other viral respiratory related infections, influenza causes more adverse effects with low death rate of about 0.1 percent of patients infected the virus.
Modes of Spread
These refer to the channels of influenza disease spread or routes of infection transmission. They include direct or indirect contact, airborne disease spread, respiratory droplets and use of common means of transportation.
Contact Transmission
This occurs through direct transmission of causal organisms between an infected patient and a highly susceptible health worker. This can occur through intact skin or touching of contaminated doorknob describing indirect contact transmission route (Cowling, 2014). Causal organisms can also aid in transmission through impetigo, diarrheal infections, antibiotic resistant organisms and scabies.
Respiratory Droplets
Body fluids of droplet size with causal organisms can be spread to susceptible persons through direct coughing, suctioning, sneezing and bronchoscopy. They can cause resultant infections through direct deposit on other people’s environmental or mucosal surfaces which are in turn accessed by susceptible people.
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