QUESTION

1.Synthesis is the process of creating a new idea by analyzing multiple disparate concepts or notions to discern the common thematic or connecting principles among them. Synthesis of research is not a single innate skill. Rather, it is a process learned through time and practice. In this assignment, you will engage in the first parts of the synthesis process: annotating and outlining.

General Requirements:

Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment:

Read: Lilienfeld, S. O., Waldman, I. D., Landfield, K., Watts, A. L., Rubenzer, S., & Faschingbauer, T. R. (2012). Fearless dominance and the U.S. presidency: Implications of psychopathic personality traits for successful and unsuccessful political leadership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(3), 489-505.http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=79301650&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Read: van Eeden, R., Cilliers, F., & van Deventer, V. (2008). Leadership styles and associated personality traits: Support for the conceptualisation of transactional and transformational leadership. South African Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 253-267.http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=33720593&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Provide an annotated bibliography (750-1,000 words total) of the articles listed above. Including the following for each article:

The article citation and persistent link. These are provided above for you to paste into the assignment and are not included in the total word count.
A written summary of the key concept(s) of the article. Why was the study done? What was the population studied? What did the researcher(s) conclude? What other information about this study do you believe is unique or important to recall? Are there specific statements made by the author that you wish to retain?

Construct an outline for a paper that will explain and synthesize the articles you read for this assignment. The paper will require identification of themes common to the articles as well as a statement of the conclusions that can be drawn when the articles are taken together as a single entity You will be writing the paper in the next assignment.

Outline at the end of bib

1.Introduction: a engage the reader, provide contest for the paper, introduce the articles, and state you thesis
Theme 1
a. present an important theme you oberved in the three articles. What is the theme? Why is it important?

2. use evidence from the 3 articles to support your conclusion that this is an important theme. what soes each article say about the idea? How are different articles connected around this particular theme?
Theme 2 and three the same thing.

3.Conclusion a. summarize the three main themes. what conclusions can you draw when considering all three articles together in a single unit? what is the overall message of the three articles? b. tie the conclusion back to the intro

                                                                SAMPLE SOLUTION

Lilienfeld et al (2012) develop a hypothesis that argues that while in leadership positions, it is possible for the leaders to develop maladaptive traits born from the psychopathic personalities they develop due to the position held. In order to ascertain this hypothesis, the authors investigate 42 US presidents using three critical and reliable data sources. First is the psychopathic trait data on the presidents from different authors, second is the survey on presidents as determined by various historians and third is the presidential performance indicator for each of the 42 presidents with the latest being President George Bush. The researchers in this study noted that the best performing presidents were those who exhibited fearlessness in their leadership. Although fearlessness has often been associated to psychopathy, it was noted to inspire effective decision making and management of the government institutions like the Congress thus leading to a positive reputation. The authors added that the objectivity of this fearless leadership was associated to progression through the initiation and completion of projects and therefore the leader was most likely considered a world figure. This study also found out that psychopathic traits in the presidents were mostly linked to their failures where as positive outcomes in their leadership were associated to their positive traits like good intellectual skills, the five factor model traits and the desire for influence or power. In conclusion, although psychopathic traits may be viewed as mostly negative due to their boldness, these traits contribute to positive interpersonal behaviors among leaders.

Odom, S. F., Boyd, B. L., & Williams, J. (2012). Impact of Personal Growth Projects on Leadership Identity Development. Journal of Leadership Education, 11(1), 49-63. http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ980968&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Odom, Boyd and Williams (2012) acknowledge that the Personal Growth Project (PGP) assignments are clearly able to enhance leadership identity among students taking the project. The researchers engaged in this study in order to determine whether the PGP assignments have any positive contribution to the realization of personal leadership abilities among the students. Accordingly, Odom and his colleagues conducted a qualitative study on undergraduate students taking personal leadership education course at the Texas A&M University. Using deductive content analysis, views from 90 participants were analyzed based on the Leadership Identity (LID) Model. After the analysis, the researchers found that: self-awareness, self-confidence, interpersonal efficiency, application of new skills and increasing motivations which are the main components of the LID are developed in students after the completion of the PGP assignments. Some of the critical lessons in this study also include: in order for students taking leadership education courses to be able to understand their leadership skills and grow these skills in them, they have to undertake practical skills that are able to impart the skills in them. In this regard, students are able to develop themselves and this prepares them for leadership as they will have the necessary skills to lead others in future. On the other hand, since educators play a major role in the enhancement of the skills, the authors believe that it is upon them to use specific tools that are able to ensure that the students develop and advance the skills leading to the realization of their leadership potentials.

van Eeden, R., Cilliers, F., & van Deventer, V. (2008). Leadership styles and associated personality traits: Support for the conceptualisation of transactional and transformational leadership. South African Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 253-267.http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=33720593&site=ehost-live&scope=site

In this study, van Eeden, Cilliers and van Deventer explore the full range leadership model and major on three critical models of the study which include the laissez-faire behavior, transactional and transformational leadership. The full range model places much emphasis on the leader’s traits that guide their leadership strategies and decisions and therefore the authors in this study conduct an empirical study on different managers in order to understand how their behaviors influence their leadership styles. After analyzing the available data, it was realized that majority of the managers who participated in the study adopted two approaches which include: transformational and transactional behaviors. Passive styles were rarely used among these managers. For the remaining managers, all styles of leadership were applied leading to variant profiles of the managers. Based on the research, it can effectively be concluded that transformational leadership is more focused on the personal traits during interaction and performance of tasks in an organizational setting. This is different from the transactional leadership that majorly focuses on the visionary aspects where the leader bases his or her attention on the achievements as opposed to the interpersonal traits. Ostensibly, the transformational leaders will concentrate on the work and social ethics within the organization while the transactional leader will major on the processes efficiencies and strategic fulfillments. It is therefore possible to categorize leaders based on the nature of their behaviors as portrayed in their leadership performances at the work place. The full range model is also an effective tool that facilitates the use of behaviors in determining the different styles of leadership used in different settings.