Relevance of the Hawthorne studies to 21st Century Management
In the 21st century, people cannot live without organizations. People need to interact with each other and help each other. Indeed, there are social activities to be asked people to ‘a degree, cooperate and coordinate their efforts with some sense of purpose’ (Mcauley, Duberley & Johnson, 2014, p. 10). For instance, people could not get substance alone, such as food, and clothes, which is required of people come together to produce and transfer them. Moreover, people need theories to understand and predict what might is going to happen. It is believed that people not only work for monetary, but they also want to be a ‘membership of a social group, ‘belong’ to an organization’ and have a right of speech in the organization (McAuley, Duberley & Johnson, 2014, p. 94). It is necessary to motivate workers by meeting their needs for the more efficient organization. According to McAuley, Duberley and Johnson (2014, p. 23), people might change their behaviors and try to affect others’ activities because of ‘social scientists analyses’, which make human understand their own behaviors. Moreover, Human relation is one of the traditions of the organization, indeed, ‘the Hawthorne studies as a classic example of applied organizational research within the human relations tradition’ (McAuley, Duberley & Johnson, 2014, p. 113). Theories play a critical role in the operation and functioning of entities as they predict and guide people to carry out their duties. Because of the continued evolution and new development in operations in the organizations, new perspectives and theories develop to explain the changes. This however, does not mean that ideas and concepts developed from the former theories are not applicable in certain current situation. This essay will first explain what Hawthorne Studies are; and then discuss whether Hawthorne Studies still work in 21st Century Management.
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