What is “Neurodiversity”?
what is “Neurodiversity”?
• a term used to indicate and even celebrate the diversity of the brain
• comes out of both neuroscience and an identity politics espoused by ASD activists.
• Juxtaposes Neurotypicals (NTs) with those on the spectrum.
different forms of activism (Holmer Nadesan, 2013)
• some advocates are pushing for a “cure,” or research focused on developing genetic prenatal testing and potential prevention of ASD (giving parents the option to terminate pregnancies).
• other ASD activists find early prediction and prevention very troubling comparing it to a form of genocide that targets people with biological or neurological differences.
• ASD activists argue prediction and prevention:
– operates under a “deficit model,” which dos not celebrate the diversity of brain types or the
creativity that can come from that.
– assumes a “normative” mode of thinking, sensing, and interacting with the world as the point
of departure.
– this kind of research may divert attention and funding from:
—> programs and therapies that help support people with ASD.
—> studies on the efficacy of therapies for people with ADS (Occupational Therapy, Speech
Therapy, intensive Behavioral Therapy)
– suggests non-neurotypicl people are a social burden, and in some cases, programs are cut in
favor of other kinds of spending.
compare with testing for down syndrome
• “in the united states, an estimated 67 percent of fetuses with prenatally diagnosed down syndrome are aborted. in canada, the rate could be even higher, tough there aren’t any reliable studies on it. This has become a passed in North Dakota, Ohio, Indiana and Louisiana (and introduced in Utah) that make it illegal for a doctor to perform an abortion because of a positive prenatal test for Down syndrome.” (Chris Kaposky, 16 April 2018, “The Ethical Case for Having a Baby with Down Syndrome,” The New York Times).
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